Could you please give information about Kalima Ash-Shahadah?
A Brief Description of the Question:
Could you please give information about Kalima Ash-Shahadah?
The Answer:
The sentence which is essential for entering Islam. This Arabic sentence is as follows: "Ashadu an la ilaha illallah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh.” (I witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and messenger) Kalima ash-shahadah consists of two parts that express oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh). It is witnessed that there is no god but Allah in the first part and that Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh) is Allah’s slave and messenger in the second part. The witnessing means definite knowledge and the utterance of the belief through the tongue.
Islam consists of accepting the oneness of Allah and what the Messenger brought from Allah. All of the other fundamentals of belief, and the commands and prohibitions that arrange life of man and the community are included in the belief in Allah and what His messenger brought. Therefore, kalima ash-shahadah is the most concise sentence expressing Islam; its utterance means the acceptance of Islam wholly. When a person says that there is no god but Allah, it means he believes in the existence of Allah with all of the names and attributes that are defined in the Quran; when he says Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh) is His slave and messenger, it means he believes all of the commands, prohibitions and news he brought from Allah and he accepts that he has to obey them. That Hazrat Muhammad (pbuh) is defined as the slave of Allah in the same sentence means the messenger must not be elevated and deified as Christians and others did.
When a person utters kalima ash-shahadah, he becomes a Muslim and a member of the Islamic community. He owns all the rights that Islamic law gives Muslims. If he is a member of a community that is in a state of war against Muslims, he will have immunity. He cannot be killed, held captive, and his property cannot be confiscated. Nobody can be forced to utter kalima ash-shahadah; the kalima ash-shahadah of a person who is forced to utter it is not valid. However, a person who utters kalima ash-shahadah of his own free will is expected to learn and act in accordance with the rules and obligations of Islam, which he declared to be a member of.
(see also: Kelime-i Tevhid, Muhammed (pbuh), İman, İslâm, Nebi, Rasul, Peygamber items).
Author: İslam Fıkhı Ansiklopedisi,
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