What is the reason why Shafiis raise their hands when they stand up after bowing down (ruku’)?
A Brief Description of the Question:
What is the reason why Shafiis raise their hands when they stand up after bowing down (ruku’)?
The Answer:
According to Hanafis and Malikis, it is not sunnah to raise hands before ruku’ or after ruku’ except the takbir of iftitah because there is not a sound hadith reported from Hazrat Prophet (pbuh) regarding the issue. The evidence they base their view on is this hadith, reported by Ibn Umar: “Hazrat Prophet (pbuh) raised his hands when he started the prayer and he did not raise his hands after that.”(1)
The second evidence is the act of Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him). He said, “Shall I lead the prayer for you as the Messenger of Allah did?” He led the prayer; he did not raise his hands except for the takbir of iftitah. In another narration, the following is stated: “He raised his hands at the beginning; he did not raise them again after that.”(2)
The following is also reported: “I performed prayers together with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). I also performed prayers with Abu Bakr and Umar. They did not raise their hands except for the takbir of iftitah.”(3)
According to Shafiis, and Hanbalis, it is sunnah to raise both hands, while bowing down and after bowing down along with the takbir of iftitah because it is definite by the narration reported from twenty-one companions in mutawatir sunnah.(4)
One of them is the hadith of Ibn Umar, which are agreed on unanimously. He said, “When Hazrat Prophet (pbuh) stood for the prayer, he raised his hands up to his shoulders and then uttered takbir. When he wanted to bow down, he raised his hands like the first takbir and said, “Sami allahu liman hamidah. Rabbana wa lakal hamd.” (Allah has heard the one who praised Him. O our Lord! praise be to you!) (5)
Shafiis also added the following to the statement that is true according to them: As a matter of fact, it is also the view of Nawawi: “It is mustahab (recommended) to raise the hands after standing up from the first sitting (tashahhud).
The evidence for it is the hadith of Nafi. Nafi said, “When Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) started the prayer, he uttered takbir and raised his hands. When he bowed down, he raised his hands. Ibn Umar attributed it to Hazrat Prophet (pbuh)” (6)
Footnotes:
(1) Hafiz Ibn Hajar said, “That hadith is bu hadis maqlub (changed) and mawdu (fabricated)”. Naylu’l-Awtar
(2) That hadith was reported by Abu Dawud, Nasai and Tirmidhi. Tirmidhi said the hadith was hasan (good and acceptable but not as strong as sahih (sound)). Nasbu’r-Raya,I,394.
(3) That hadith was reported by Daraqutni and Bayhaqi and it is weak. In fact, it is mursal (hurried). ibid I, 396
(4) an-Nazmu’l-Mutanasir Minal-Hadithi’l-Mutawatir, 58,
(5) Naylu’l-Awtar, II, 179-182
(6) Bukhari reported it in his Sahih. Al-Majmu”, III, 424
İslam Fıkhı Ansiklopedisi (Prof. Dr. Vehbe Zuhayli), Volume II
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