Prophet Hud (Peace be upon him)
And the `Ad― they were destroyed by a furious wind, exceedingly violent; He made it rage against them seven nights and eight days in succession: So that thou couldst see the (whole) people lying prostrate in its (path), as if they had been roots of hollow palm- trees tumbled down! Then seest thou any of them left surviving? (al-Haaqqa, 6-8)
THE NATION OF AD
After the deluge, a new life started on earth. Human beings increased as in the past. The families that moved to various places of the Arabian Peninsula and established new cities, buildings, vineyards and orchards in the places they moved to.
A person called Ad, who was a descendant of Noah's sun Shem, moved to a place called Ahqaf near Hadramut in Yemen and settled there with his family. [1] The family of Ad expanded and formed a big community in time. They were called the nation of Ad.
The place where the nation of Ad settled was a valley surrounded by sand hills. It was a place abundant in water and rain; its soil was fertile.
The nation of Ad worked very hard and made the valley like a garden of Paradise. They built probably the most beautiful city in the world there.
There were magnificent buildings and palaces built on marble columns. There were parks, pools, gardens and wide streets all around the city. This pretty city was called Iram. [2]
The people of Ad were tall, well-built and strong people. When their wealth is also considered along with their physical strength, it could be said that there was no nation superior to them on earth.
The strength and wealth the nation of Ad had was a great bounty for them. Although it was necessary to thank and praise Allah for those bounties, they felt conceited. They liked themselves and despised others. Wealth turned their heads.
It is inevitable for strength and wealth to be a means of oppression in the hands of people who move away from spiritual and ethical values. Acting upon their strength and wealth, the nation of Ad started to force and oppress the people and the cities around them.
Their greatest pleasure was to make fun of travelers and passers-by. They would put wrong signs on the roads and laughed at the people who followed the wrong path. They sometimes beat, tortured and robbed those poor people.
Along with oppression, the people of Ad went too far in immorality. They built various other centers of entertainment and debauchery near the roads. They became indulged in games, entertainment, pleasures and debauchery fully. [3]
In the course of time, the belief of oneness was replaced by the belief of polytheism in the nation of Ad, which moved away from spiritual and ethical values with the oppression and debauchery they committed. [4] They forgot the fact that the nation of Nuh had been destroyed due to worshipping idols.
THE PROPHET HUD
When the number of the people of the nation of Ad increased, Allah sent them Hud as a prophet. [5]
The duty of Hud (pbuh) was very heavy.
He called his nation to believe in the oneness of Allah first and to worship Him. He addressed them as follows:
"O my tribe! Worship only Allah. Do not worship others. You have no deity except Allah.” [6]
The nation of Ad reacted to this call of Hz. Hud's:
"Did you bring us here for this? You probably went crazy. Therefore, you dared to put forward wrong and unreal claims."
Hz. Hud replied his nation as follows:
"O my nation! I did not go mad. I am sane. Allah has chosen me as a prophet among you so that I will show you the right way. My duty is to convey the message of my Lord to you and to advise and preach to you so that you will attain happiness both in the world and the hereafter." [7]
* * *
The nation of Ad did not accept to obey Hz. Hud. They accused him of telling lies, insanity and betraying their fathers. Hz. Hud answered all of these accusations. He reminded them that he was the most trustworthy person among them. In fact, Hz. Hud was known for his righteousness, honesty, bravery and intelligence by his tribe. Everybody knew and accepted it.
The Prophet continued conveying his message to his nation fearlessly and persistently.
The nation of Ad, which accepted no value except power and interest, could not understand his efforts. According to them, there was a material interest behind his efforts. Once they told Hud this idea of theirs.
The Prophet Hud rejected this accusation by saying,
“No reward do I ask of you: it is al) in your interest: my reward is only due from Allah. He will reward me. What I ask you to do is for your goodness and happiness.”He continued as follows:
“O my nation! You build strong castles that are of no use but give you pride. You decorate them extravagantly with ponds and flowers as if you will live there eternally. You play useless games in the towers you build near roads and make fun of the people, and especially my visitors, who pass by. O my nation! You also oppress and torture the poor people who are without help. [8] How can such a cruel nation be on the true path and how do they not need guidance?”
With those statements, Hud tried to make them act justly and to show them their mistakes. He explained them how to get rid of these terrible deeds as follows:
"O my nation! Obey the orders and prohibitions of Allah, who bestowed on you freely numerous camels, cattle, sheep, vineyards and orchards. Do you not think that these bounties necessitate thanking and praising Him?
"O my nation! If you do not believe in Allah, do not worship Him and do not thank Him for the bounties you have, I fear that a big wrath will hit you.” [9]
The nation of Ad reached a high level of welfare thanks to the power, productive animals, fertile land, green valleys and numerous children granted to them by Allah. However, this situation increased their ambition, greed, unbelief and tyranny instead of leading them to gratitude and worshipping. In the course of time, they deserved wrath and destruction more.
Being aware of this dangerous course of his nation, Hz. Hud worked very hard to fulfill the duty of prophethood given to him by Allah and tried to save them from the wrath that was about to hit them by warning them. When his nation saw that Hz. Hud did not give up uttering the same words, they said to him,
"O Hud! Your threat is of no significance for us. You have been talking in vain by criticizing our idols, palaces, towers and making fun of the passersby by threatening us with destructive wrath.
For, what we have been doing is no different from what our ancestors did. If they necessitated wrath, why are they sleeping peacefully in their graves now? Nothing happened to them. O Hud! Wrath will not hit us. We will not believe in you and your Lord. We will go on living as we wish.” [10]
THE DROUGHT AND FAMINE THAT HIT THE NATION OF AD
With those words, the nation of Ad declared their rebellion against God Almighty openly and stated openly that they would go on like that.
Thereupon, God Almighty stopped sending rain to their land. The vineyards and orchards started to dry and fade; the animals started to die; the strong nation started to weaken. Therefore, the number of births plummeted. [11] There was a continuous, muggy and dry wind; it dried the lips of the people. They opened their mouths with difficulty and had difficulty in breathing. It became impossible for them to see beyond the end of their noses due to dust and smoke.
According to a narration, the nation of Ad led a terrible life like that for three years. [12] Acting upon this terrible situation, Hz. Hud asked them to repent and ask for forgiveness from Allah by showing them their weakness. [13] However, this call of Hud's increased their fury instead of softening them. They even started to think that Hz. Hud caused them to fall into this situation and to believe that it was necessary to kill him in order to attain salvation.
DEATH TRAP
Taking action with the intention of killing Hud by accusing him of causing this trouble, which actually took place due to their oppression and rebellion against Allah,[14], this network of murder planned to ask Hud some questions and to demand some things that he would not be able to do from him. They planned to provoke people against him if he failed to do them by saying, "Do you see? He is a liar." Thus, the people of Ad, who were upset due to famine and troubles, would kill Hz. Hud. They started to apply this plan and asked Hz. Hud:
“O Hud! You have not brought us any evidence proving what you say is true; therefore, we do not believe in you or give up worshipping the idols of our ancestors.” [15]
Hz. Hud showed them various miracles upon their request. He told them not to worship idols. However, their intention was to harm him by applying their plan, not to believe in him by abandoning their idols. [16] When Hz. Hud showed them miracles upon their request, their plan failed and twisted in the wind. In order to get over this situation, they said,
“O Hud! We do not say anything to you. We know you since you were brought up among us. We do not accuse you of anything. However, since you have dared to make such unbelievable claims, our idols have probably seized you with imbecility because you despised them and prevented us from worshipping them.” [17] Thus, they claimed that Hud was mad. Thereupon, Hz. Hud stood up suddenly and replied them as follows:
"I call Allah, who is the creator of this universe, who destroyed cruel and brutal nations like you and who left some traces of them to teach people a lesson, to witness, and you to bear witness by considering my words and deeds that the idols you have been worshipping cannot be useful or harmful to anybody. If they have any power to affect others, do not hesitate to do your best in order to eliminate me. Do not give me any time to think.” [18]
This courageous and brave challenge of Hz. Hud’s astounded them and made them freeze. They did not expect such a fearless answer from them. Making use of this confusion of his nation, Hz. Hud continued speaking:
"I put my trust in Allah, my Lord, after fulfilling my duty. This challenge of mine is based on my belief in Allah and my affiliation with Him. You cannot do anything to me."
Indeed, a person who has attained the real belief can challenge the universe.
After this speech, Hz. Hud stated again that his aim was nothing but to call them to the truth and that it was not his duty to ask and to do anything except it. He also stated that the nation of Ad would harm only themselves if they did not believe, that they would not harm Allah and that Allah would protect him from all of the evils of his nation. [19]
THE EXPECTED WRATH
Hz. Hud put forward various evidences in order to persuade his nation to believe; he also gave them glad tidings and sometimes warned them. In short, he did his best to convey his message. Once, during the famine and drought, he called them to the truth again and asked them to abandon their idols; he warned them that terrifying wrath was approaching. The nation of Ad reacted to the words of Hz. Nuh:
“Have you come in order to turn us aside from our gods? Bring upon us the wrath with which you have been threatening us if you are telling the truth.” [20]
Hz. Hud was out of patience now and abandoned hope that his nation would improve. He started to address them for the last time:
“The Knowledge of wrath to come is only with Allah. I have told you about it many times. However, you still want me to bring the wrath. My duty is to convey you the things that I am ordered. I see that ye are a people in ignorance and you do not see the truth. [21] Wait for the wrath you have been asking for. I will definitely wait for it with you. [22] Let us see whether your wrong gods will protect you from the wrath that will hit you.”
While Hz. Hud was addressing his nation like that, it was reveled to him when the wrath would hit them. He was given the glad tiding that all of the polytheists would be destroyed and all of the believers would be saved. Acting upon the revelation he received, on one of the cold days of winter called "cold spell" [23], Hz. Hud took his followers to a distant place after dawn. They started to wait for the wrath.
THE WIND OF WRATH CALLED SARSAR
The nation of Ad first saw a big black cloud in the horizon. It was approaching them. They were suffering from drought; it had not rain for a long time. As soon as they saw the cloud, they stood up and screamed with joy.
"There is the cloud. Our idols showed mercy on us. They accepted our prayers. It is going to rain soon. Our vineyards and orchards are going to get rain. Hurray!”
The nation of Ad became very joyful. Some of them went to their fields, started to plough and sow seeds. Some of them found Hz. Hud and started to make fun of him:
"What happened to your threat of wrath? Our idols have accepted our prayers and sent us those black clouds. It is going to rain soon; our troubles will end.”
Some of them started to pray, laugh and have fun in front of the idols.
Hz. Hud turned pale when he saw the joy of his nation. He was thinking about what would happen to them soon. He warned them for the last time, while they were happily shouting, "It is going to rain soon":
"You are wrong. What you see is not a rain cloud. It is the wind of wrath, which you do not think will come. It is going to destroy you soon. Repent and believe in me before it is too late.” [24]
The blackness seeming in the form of a cloud approached the nation of Ad while they were enjoying crazily.
Suddenly, a hurricane broke out. What they thought to be a cloud was a wind blowing with an unprecedented speed and coldness. [25] This wind, called Sarsar in the Quran, was making a terrible sound when it was blowing.
It was stubbing trees; giant columns and big ramparts were collapsing.
The people of Ad, who boasted by saying, “Who can be stronger than us?, were flying like a straw.
Some of them hugged big trees and rocks in order to prevent themselves from flying. Some of them took refuge in their palaces, in which they took pride because of their strength. However, they could not protect themselves from flying into the air with the rocks and trees they hugged. The strong wind rooted out the doors and windows of the houses; everything in the house, whether living or non-living, was flown away by the wind like dust.
The wind entered into the bodies of the people of Ad through their mouths and nostrils; their intestines and internal organs were emptied; their bodies were dragged away without their arms and heads like logs. [26]
Some of them were buried under tons of sand. Then, the wind moved the sand away and they were flown away into the air by the wind. [27]
Those who survived were trying to escape by screaming. However, it was in vain.
This terrible storm lasted for 7 nights and 8 days. The people and the animals died. The beautiful city of Iram was razed to the ground like its inhabitants.
Hz. Hud and the believers who followed him survived this terrible storm unharmed.
This wind of wrath, which razed the nation of Hud to the ground, is called "sarsar" in the Quran. [28] The days of the wrath that lasted for a week is called "ayyam an-nahisat" (inauspicious days). [29]
After the destruction of the polytheists with their houses and land, Hz. Hud left the city of Iram with about 4000 believers. He settled in a place near Makkah. He lived there until he died. According to another narration, he settled in a place near the Sea of Oman.
It is said that the person whose face resembles Hz. Adam the most is Hz. Hud. [30] The nation of Ad, to whom Hz. Hud was sent as a prophet and who were destroyed by "sarsar" is also called Ad al-Ula (the First Ad). The nation of Thamud, which is also called the Second Ad, was formed by the believers who survived the wrath sent to Ad.
SOME NOTES ON THE FREEZING WIND THAT DESTROYED THE NATION OF AD
It is clearly stated in the Quran that various nations that insisted on unbelief and rebellion were destroyed by divine wrath. Believers are ordered to see their destroyed land.
It is stated that many nations were eliminated by "a single sayha". It is understood from the lexical meaning of the word sayha that it is a sound of severe explosion.
The principle of severe vibration of matter in magnetic fields, which has been dealt with by science recently, is very interesting in terms of sayha.
If matter enters into a severe magnetic field, it makes a natural vibration first. If the magnetic field becomes very severe, this magnetic nuclear vibration assumes a property that could drive man crazy and kill him. This resonance, which can be compared to very severe sound vibrations, assumes a completely fatal property.
Man who believes in science is enchanted by the Quran when he thinks that the sayha on the Day of Judgment is a vibration that causes death as a result of such terrifying changes.
As it is stated in verse 6 of the chapter of al-Haaqqa, the nation of Ad was eliminated by a freezing wind. In the Middle East, a freezing wind is not possible when the normal climatic conditions are taken into consideration. What was the cold wind that froze the nation of Ad?
The answer to this question lies in the scientific facts related to magnetic changes. Heat is a movement of quantum under normal conditions. The basic principle in chemical events, electric heating and under the heat effect of the sun rays is the movement of quantum. In the past, heat energy was regarded as a separate energy. In recent years, heat energy is included among electromagnetic forces of the four types of forces (gravitation, electromagnetic effect and interactions).
If suitable magnetic effects are ensured in a region, quant movements are slowed down or speeded up. The nation of Ad was sent a wind cooled by such a magnetic effect. In the past, some primitive intellectuals tried to criticize the Quran claiming that the Quran does not mention coldness. However, the issue of coldness is mentioned like that in the Quran; besides, the word "zamharir", which is of Amharic origin, is used in the sense of very cold in the Quran.
The concepts related to the Doomsday and divine wrath mentioned in the verses give incredible messages in terms of modern physics.
With the wisdoms related to the nation of Ad and Thamud, great concepts and messages are given to the people living today, especially to the scientists. The magnificence in the descriptions of the Quran will dazzle eyes unless those who look at it are blind.” [31]
FOOTNOTES
1 A. C. Paşa, Kısas-ı Enbiyâ, l, 19. Ahqaf is the plural of hiqf meaning sand hill (dune).
2 al-Fajr, 7.
3 See Tajrid trnsl., IX, 93; M. Vehbi, ibid, X, 3930, XII, 5040,
4 Historians say that the nation of Ad worshipped three idols called Suda, Sida, Hiba (Tabari, Tarikh, Vol. I).
5 Hud, 50.
6 Hud, 50; al-A’raf, 65; al-Ahqaf, 21.
7 Hud, 66-68.
8 ash-Shuara, 128-130.
9 ash-Shuara, 130-135.
10 ash-Shuara, 136-138.
11 Ö, N. Bilmen, Kur’ân-ı Kerim’in Türkçe Meâl-i Âlisi ve Tefsiri, 1482.
12 M. Vehbi, ibid, IV/1668.
13 Hud, 52.
14 M. Vehbi, ibid, VI/2362-63.
15 Hud, 53.
16 M. Vehbi, ibid, IV/2361.
17 Hud, 54.
18 Hud, 54.
19 Hud, 56-57.
20 al-Ahqaf, 22; see: al-A’raf, 70.
21 al-Ahqaf, 23.
22 al-A’raf, 71.
23 M. Vehbi, ibid, XV, 6105.
24 al-Ahqaf, 24.
25 M. Vehbi, XV, 6105.
26 al-Haaqqa, 7.
27 M. Vehbi, XIII, 5350; adh-Dhariyat, 42.
28 al-Haaqqa, 6.
29 Fussilat, 16.
30 Tajrid trnsl, IX, 90.
31 Dr. Haluk Nurbaki, Kur’an-ı Kerim’den Ayetler ve İlmi Gerçekler, IV, 30-32.
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